Page 23 - Apuntes de Investigación en la Enseñanza de Idiomas

7 Apuntes de Investigación en la Enseñanza de Idiomas

performance. The consistency of these criteria, however, depend on how demanding teachers and
classmates are about their performance. Then, the experience that every student has is an important
factor for the development of self-confidence in speaking, which creates consciousness of the pro-
cess they need to follow for the achievement of goals by means of self-observation, self-evaluation,
self-reinforcement and self-instruction that allows them to evaluate their outcomes to act and create
new thoughts to complement the judgement they have about themselves.

Preliminary Conclusions

The data collected so far allows to comprehend that self-confidence in speaking is developed in
a consistent social context which promotes active participation but also assesses communicative
attempts on the basis of coherent and clear criteria. The higher the demands perceived from inter-
locutors, the more aware the learners will be about the expectations the must fulfill in their attempts
to communicate. Appropriate challenging and well-assessed tasks will help students develop high
self-confidence, which leads them to take risks and see mistakes as a normal condition within the
learning process.

References

Anwar, K. (22 de March de 2016). ERIC. Obtenido de ERIC: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/
EJ1095514.pdf

Bailey, K. M. (2005). Practical English LanguagTeaching: Speaking. New York : New York: Mc-
Graw-Hill ESL/ELT. Obtenido de Princeton.
Bjork, R. A. (1994). Learning, Remembering, Believing: Enhancing Human Performance. Was-
hington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Obtenido de THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
PRESS.

Bygate, M. (1993). Speaking. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kanfer. (1994). Learning, Remembering, Believing: Enhancing Human Performance. En R. A.

Luoma, S. (2011). Assesing Speaking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sheppard, R. (2015). TESOL. Obtenido de TESOL: http://blog.tesol.org/teaching-cohesion/?sha-
red=email&msg=fail